科研之友
微信
新浪微博
Facebook
分享链接
摘要
Ethanol consumption markers are formed endogenously and are indicative of the ingestion of ethanol. Due to the high and wide-spread ethanol consumption in the population these biomarkers are of high relevance for clinical and forensic questions as well as issues of traffic medicine. In former times the so-called indirect markers, such as carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, gamma-glutamyltransferase and mean corpuscular volume were mainly used for diagnostic purposes but nowadays more attention is paid to the direct markers. Long-term increased intake of ethanol causes abnormal concentrations and deviations of indirect markers because they indicate cell damage or enzyme induction and therefore evidence of excessive ethanol consumption. In contrast direct markers are metabolites of ethanol itself and are formed in a non-oxidative phase II reaction by conjunction of ethanol and endogenous substances such as glucuronic acid or phosphatidylcholine. Some direct markers even occur after the uptake of trace amounts of ethanol. The use of ethanol consumption markers is manifold and high marker concentrations can contribute to an early diagnosis of ethanol misuse and dependency. In the field of occupational health markers of consumption of ethanol are applied to prevent accidents. In traffic medicine and in withdrawal therapy the markers are used for monitoring alcohol abstinence therapy and treatment adherence.
- 出版日期2011-2
