A method for data-driven exploration to pinpoint key features in medical data and facilitate expert review

作者：Juhlin Kristina; Star Kristina^*; Noren G Niklas

来源：Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 2017, 26(10): 1256-1265.

DOI：10.1002/pds.4285

• exploratory analysis
• individual case safety reports
• medication errors
• odds ratios
• pharmacoepidemiology
• statistical shrinkage

PurposeTo develop a method for data-driven exploration in pharmacovigilance and illustrate its use by identifying the key features of individual case safety reports related to medication errors.
MethodsWe propose vigiPoint, a method that contrasts the relative frequency of covariate values in a data subset of interest to those within one or more comparators, utilizing odds ratios with adaptive statistical shrinkage. Nested analyses identify higher order patterns, and permutation analysis is employed to protect against chance findings. For illustration, a total of 164000 adverse event reports related to medication errors were characterized and contrasted to the other 7833000 reports in VigiBase, the WHO global database of individual case safety reports, as of May 2013. The initial scope included 2000 features, such as patient age groups, reporter qualifications, and countries of origin.
ResultsvigiPoint highlighted 109 key features of medication error reports. The most prominent were that the vast majority of medication error reports were from the United States (89% compared with 49% for other reports in VigiBase); that the majority of reports were sent by consumers (53% vs 17% for other reports); that pharmacists (12% vs 5.3%) and lawyers (2.9% vs 1.5%) were overrepresented; and that there were more medication error reports than expected for patients aged 2-11years (10% vs 5.7%), particularly in Germany (16%).
ConclusionsvigiPoint effectively identified key features of medication error reports in VigiBase. More generally, it reduces lead times for analysis and ensures reproducibility and transparency. An important next step is to evaluate its use in other data.

• 出版日期2017-10