Natural cellulose ionogels for soft artificial muscles

作者：Nevstrueva Daria^*; Murashko Kirill; Vunder Veiko; Aabloo Alvo; Pihlajamaki Arto; Manttari Mika; Pyrhonen Juha; Koiranen Tuomas; Torop Janno

来源：Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces , 2018, 161: 244-251.

DOI：10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.10.053

• Cellulose
• Actuator
• Biomaterial
• Ionic liquid

Rapid development of soft micromanipulation techniques for human friendly electronics has raised the demand for the devices to be able to carry out mechanical work on a micro- and macroscale. The natural cellulose-based ionogels (CEL-iGEL) hold a great potential for soft artificial muscle application, due to its flexibility, low driving voltage and biocompatibility. The CEL-iGEL composites undergo reversible bending already at +/- 500 mV step-voltage values. A fast response to the voltage applied and high ionic conductivity of membranous actuator is achieved by a complete dissolution of cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [EMIm][OAc]. The CEL-iGEL supported cellulose actuator films were cast out of cellulose-[EMIm][OAc] solution via phase inversion in H2O. The facile preparation method ensured uniform morphology along the layers and stand for the high ionic-liquid loading in a porous cellulose scaffold. During the electromechanical characterization, the CEL-iGEL actuators showed exponential dependence to the voltage applied with the max strain difference values reaching up to 0.6% at 2 V. Electrochemical analysis confirmed the good stability of CEL-iGEL actuators and determined the safe working voltage value to be below 2.5 V. To predict and estimate the deformation for various step input voltages, a mathematical model was proposed.

• 出版日期2018-1-1