Pertussis outbreak among patients and healthcare workers in a provincial dialysis facility in Japan

作者：Nakamura K^*; Kobayashi M; Yamamoto N; Tokuda K; Miura S; Abe Y; Kashiwazaki J; Aoyagi T; Kaku M; Kanemitsu K

来源：Journal of Hospital Infection, 2016, 94(4): 341-345.

DOI：10.1016/j.jhin.2016.09.011

• Pertussis
• Outbreak
• Haemodialysis facility

Background: Sixteen pertussis cases in haemodialysis patients and healthcare workers were detected in a 25-bed outpatient haemodialysis facility in Japan between October 2013 and April 2014.
Aim: To describe an outbreak of pertussis among patients and healthcare workers, and to identify risk factors for pertussis infection.
Methods: Sputum cultures, loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays performed on nasopharyngeal swabs to detect respiratory pathogens including Bordetella pertussis, and serum anti-pertussis toxin immunoglobulin G measurements were performed for all haemodialysis patients and healthcare workers. A retrospective caseecontrol study was performed to identify the risk factors for pertussis infection in the clinic.
Findings: Only six of the 16 pertussis patients (37.5%) had respiratory symptoms. Recent exposure to an unmasked individual with a cough was associated with pertussis infection (odds ratio 6.25, P < 0.05). The outbreak was terminated successfully after enforcing the use of surgical masks among both patients and healthcare workers.
Conclusion: This report demonstrates the risk of pertussis transmission in a haemodialysis facility, and underscores the importance of wearing surgical masks to control a pertussis outbreak.

• 出版日期2016-12