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摘要
Seismic 3D amplitude variation with offset (AVO) data from the Alvheim field in the North Sea are inverted into lithology/fluid classes, elastic properties, and porosity. Litho logy/fluid maps over hydrocarbon prospects provide more reliable estimates of gas/oil volumes and improve the decision concerning further reservoir assessments. The Alvheim field is of turbidite origin with complex sand-lobe geometry and appears without clear fluid contacts across the field. The inversion is phrased in a Bayesian setting. The likelihood model contains a convolutional, linearized seismic model and a rock-physics model that capture vertical trends due to increased sand compaction and possible cementation. The likelihood model contains several global model parameters that are considered to be stochastic to adapt the model to the field under study and to include model uncertainty in the uncertainty assessments. The prior model on the lithology/fluid classes is a Malloy random field that captures local vertical/horizontal continuity and vertical sorting of fluids. The predictions based on the posterior model are validated by observations in five wells used as blind tests. Hydrocarbon volumes with reliable gas/oil distributions are predicted. The spatial coupling provided by the prior model is crucial for reliable predictions; without the coupling, hydrocarbon volumes are severely underestimated. Depth trends in the rock-physics likelihood model improve the gas versus oil predictions. The porosity predictions reproduce contrasts observed in the wells, and mean square error is reduced by one-third compared to Gauss-linear predictions.
- 出版日期2012-4
