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摘要
There are many difficulties involved with controlling pests and diseases on corn, not least of which include efficiencies relating to process, spraying chemicals, and labor. This study proposes an aerial electrostatic spraying method for the disease and pest control of corn, which is more efficient and economic than previous methods. An aerial electrostatic nozzle embedded with a conical tubular electrode was specifically designed to attach to the fixed-wing aircraft Y5B. Laboratory studies have been conducted to examine the distribution of droplet deposition on the modeled crop targets. Meanwhile, field experiments have also been conducted on the three spray treatments using the aircraft Y5B: electrostatic, non-electrostatic, and rotary sprays. The results showed that compared with non-electrostatic and rotary sprays, the size of the electrostatic spray droplet reduced and the uniformity increased Also, the coverage of the droplet on the canopy of simulated lab targets increased by 20 and 42 drops.cm(-2). Likewise, the coverage increased 3.71 and 4.33 times on the field targets, when compared to the non-electrostatic and rotary sprays. In particular, there was a significant increase in the number of deposits in the back of the targets. The distribution of the droplet deposition on the vertical canopy showed that the droplet more successfully penetrated the field canopy compared to the same in the lab; and the droplet deposition rate on the middle and bottom of the targets increased significantly. The volume deposition on the middle was highest when using the electrostatic spray application, up to 0.046 mu g.cm(-2). The mean deposition calculated was 5.64, 4.26, 3.81 L.ha(-1) for electrostatic, non-electrostatic, and rotary sprays, respectively. The pest control test demonstrated that the cumulative mortality of armyworms was as high as 95.4% under the electrostatic spray treatment, which had better control effects and was more economic than the other two treatments. This study will significantly improve the understanding of the Y5B aircraft aerial electrostatic spraying technique and contribute to the prevention of crop disease and damage.
- 出版日期2014-9
- 单位国家林业局森林病虫害防治总站; 南京林业大学
