Development and Dysgenesis of the Cerebral Cortex: Malformations of Cortical Development

作者：Raybaud Charles^*; Widjaja Elysa

来源：Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, 2011, 21(3): 483-+.

DOI：10.1016/j.nic.2011.05.014

• Cortex, development
• Focal cortical dysplasia
• Microcephaly
• Macrocephaly
• Lissencephaly
• Cobblestone brain
• Nodular heterotopia
• Schizencephaly
• Polymicrogyria

The cerebral cortex develops in several stages from a pseudostratified epithelium at 5 weeks to an essentially complete cortex at 47 weeks. Cortical connectivity starts with thalamocortical connections in the 3rd trimester only and continues until well after birth. Vascularity adapts to proliferation and connectivity. Malformations of cortical development are classified into disorders of specification, proliferation/apoptosis, migration, and organization. However, all processes are intermingled, as for example a dysplastic cell may migrate incompletely and not connect appropriately. However, this classification is convenient for didactic purposes as long as the complex interactions between the different processes are kept in mind.

• 出版日期2011-8