Composting municipal biosolids in polyethylene sleeves with forced aeration: Process control, air emissions, sanitary and agronomic aspects

作者：Avidov R; Saadi I; Krassnovsky A; Hanan A; Medina Sh; Raviv M; Chen Y; Laor Y^*

来源：Waste Management, 2017, 67: 32-42.

DOI：10.1016/j.wasman.2017.05.035

• In-vessel composting
• EcoPod((R)) technology
• Odor emission
• Pathogens elimination
• Class-A biosolids
• Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)

Composting in polyethylene sleeves with forced aeration may minimize odor emissions, vectors attraction and leachates associated with open windrows. A disadvantage of this technology is the lack of mixing during composting, potentially leading to non-uniform products. In two pilot experiments using biosolids and green waste (1:1; v:v), thermophilic conditions (>45 degrees C) were maintained for two months, with successful control of oxygen levels and sufficient moisture. Emitted odors declined from 1.5-3.8 x 10(5) to 5.9 x 10(3)-2.3 x 10(4) odor units m(-3)-air in the first 3 weeks of the process, emphasizing the need of odor control primarily during this period. Therefore, composting might be managed in two phases: (i) a closed sleeve for 6-8 weeks during which the odor is treated; (ii) an open pile (odor control is not necessary). Reduction of salmonella, E. coli and coliforms was effective initially, meeting the standards of "Class A" biosolids; however, total and fecal coliforms density increased after opening the second sleeve and exceeded the standard of 1000 most probable number (MPN) per g dry matter. Compost maturity was achieved in the open piles following the two sleeves and the final compost was non-phytotoxic and beneficial as a soil additive.

• 出版日期2017-9