科研之友
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摘要
The efficiency and safety of a solar central receiver system depend on the flux distribution reflected by the heliostat field on its receiver. Thus, the field must be carefully controlled to avoid dangerous radiation peaks and temperature gradients while also maximizing the efficiency of the system. Control tasks include deciding which heliostats to activate and where to aim them. The field is usually under direct human supervision, which is a potential limitation, and automatic aiming procedures are of great interest. This work proposes a general aiming methodology for flat-plate receivers. It intends to cover heliostat selection and aim point assignation to replicate any given reference flux distribution on the receiver. The methodology, which addresses this situation as a large-scale optimization problem, defines two consecutive stages. The first one handles heliostat selection by applying a specific genetic algorithm. The second one, based on a local gradient descent, assigns a final aim point to every active heliostat. The proposed methodology, in contrast to other existing methods in the literature, is not limited to achieve any specific target distribution. It exploits the analytical characterization of the considered field to minimize the accumulated squared error between any reference flux distribution and the achieved one. The results show very good replication quality and, considering its execution time, this method is suitable for preliminary and high-resolution field configuration.
- 出版日期2018-6
