An unexpected journey: Lysine methylation across the proteome

作者：Moore Kaitlyn E; Gozani Or^*

来源：Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Gene Regulatory Mechanisms, 2014, 1839(12): 1395-1403.

DOI：10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.02.008

• Lysine methylation
• Non-histone methylation
• Proteome-wide
• Methylation signaling
• Post-translational modification

The dynamic modification of histone proteins by lysine methylation has emerged over the last decade as a key regulator of chromatin functions. In contrast, our understanding of the biological roles for lysine methylation of non-histone proteins has progressed more slowly. Though recently it has attracted less attention, epsilon-methyl-lysine in non-histone proteins was first observed over 50 years ago. In that time, it has become clear that, like the case for histones, non-histone methylation represents a key and common signaling process within the cell. Recent work suggests that non-histone methylation occurs on hundreds of proteins found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and with important biomedical implications. Technological advances that allow us to identify lysine methylation on a proteomic scale are opening new avenues in the non-histone methylation field, which is poised for dramatic growth. Here, we review historical and recent findings in non-histone lysine methylation signaling, highlight new methods that are expanding opportunities in the field, and discuss outstanding questions and future challenges about the role of this fundamental post-translational modification (PTM). This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Methylation: A Multifaceted Modification - looking at transcription and beyond.

• 出版日期2014-12