摘要

In this study, upset forging of ring were conducted for contact interfaces with and without lubricants. The surface topography of dies and specimens formed patterns of concentric curves and parallel lines with different levels of roughness. Various uneven boundary frictional conditions were generated using combinations of dies and specimens with different surface conditions. Based on the experimental results, an anisotropic frictional model governing upset forging problems was established and applied in finite element analysis software (DEFORM-3D). The analysis results include the predictability of the anisotropic friction model and the adequacy of finite element analysis results.
The objective of this study is to provide superior manufacturing and forging conditions to ensure the quality of upset forged workpieces. The mathematical relationship of the anisotropic friction model is a polynomial function, where the undetermined coefficients were generated using the surface fitting regression method.