Allergic profile of severe allergic rhinitis

作者：Jabri H^*; El Khattabi W; Aichane A; Afif H; Bouayad Z

来源：Revue Francaise d'Allergologie, 2014, 54(1): 4-7.

DOI：10.1016/j.reval.2013.09.003

• Allergic rhinitis
• Prospective study
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Quality of life

Severe allergic rhinitis is a real public health problem; it is responsible for 30% of respiratory allergies and it favors women and urban populations. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the incidence of severe allergic rhinitis over a period of two and a half years in 166 patients (65% females, average age 33 years) who were followed in consultation for their allergic rhinitis. At the beginning of the study, a history of family atopy was noted in 48% of the cases, the rhinitis was severe in 48% of the cases, and it was persistent in 56% and intermittent in 44% of the cases. It was a unique diagnosis in 2.5%, associated with asthma in 86%, and associated with conjunctivitis in 42% of the cases. On entry, the patients underwent a thorough clinical examination. Prick tests for the main respiratory allergens were performed with standardized extracts; they were positive in 83% of cases. The prick tests most frequently positive were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (68%), Dermatophagoides farinae (50%), and Blomia tropicalis (38%). After treatment associating an antihistamine and nasal corticosteroids, severe allergic rhinitis was controlled in 40% of the patients and uncontrolled in 60%. Factors responsible for poor control included persistent allergen exposure in 12 cases, poor adherence to treatment in 11 cases, exposure to humidity and passive smoking in 3 cases, and continued smoking in one case. Based on these results, it appears that, in our context, severe allergic rhinitis is often under-diagnosed and poorly controlled, and that this affects our patients' daily life. The therapeutic management of severe allergic rhinitis should be optimized because of its real impact on the quality of life.

• 出版日期2014-1