Impact of 3D vision on mental workload and laparoscopic performance in inexperienced subjects

作者：Gomez Gomez E^*; Carrasco Valiente J; Valero Rosa J; Campos Hernandez J P; Anglada Curado F J; Carazo Carazo J L; Font Ugalde P; Requena Tapia M J

来源：Actas Urologicas Espanolas, 2015, 39(4): 229-235.

DOI：10.1016/j.acuro.2014.09.008

• Mental workload
• Laparoscopic surgery
• 3D imaging
• 2D imaging

Objective: To assess the effect of vision in three dimensions (3D) versus two dimensions (2D) on mental workload and laparoscopic performance during simulation-based training.
Materials and methods: A prospective, randomized crossover study on inexperienced students in operative laparoscopy was conducted. Forty-six candidates executed five standardized exercises on a pelvitrainer with both vision systems (3D and 2D). Laparoscopy performance was assessed using the total time (in seconds) and the number of failed attempts. For workload assessment, the validated NASA-TLX questionnaire was administered.
Results: 3D vision improves the performance reducing the time (3D=1006.08 +/- 315.94 vs. 2D = 1309.17 +/- 300.28; P<.001) and the total number of failed attempts (3D = .84 +/- 1.26 vs. 2D = 1.86 +/- 1.60; P<.001). For each exercise, 3 D vision also shows better performance times: "transfer objects" (P=.001), "single knob" (P<.001), "clip and cub" (P<.05), and "needle guidance" (P<.001). Besides, according to the NASA-TLX results, less mental workload is experienced with the use of 3D (P<.001). However, 3D vision was associated with greater visual impairment (P<.01) and headaches (P<.05).
Conclusion: The incorporation of 3 D systems in laparoscopic training programs would facilitate the acquisition of laparoscopic skills, because they reduce mental workload and improve the performance on inexperienced surgeons. However, some undesirable effects such as visual discomfort or headache are identified initially.

• 出版日期2015-5