科研之友
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摘要
Soil samples were collected from a field cultivated with maize in Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia. Isolates were obtained from the rhizosphere of maize plant (Zea mays). Three species of actinomycetes, three species of yeast fungi and two species of filamentous fungi were selected for their higher inhibitory and antagonistic activities to the fungus Fusarium oxysporum in vitro. The isolates were examined further for their production of chitinase enzyme and antifungal metabolites in vitro and in vivo. The isolates were characterized by their potent and remarkable antagonistic activities as: Streptomyces graminofaciens, S. annulatus and S. rochei, Candida glabrata, Rhodotorula rubra, and Candida maltosa, Trichoderma koningii and T. harzianum, respectively. All isolates led to an increase in inhibition of F. oxysporum in vitro, an increase in induction of resistance of maize plant. In addition, the actinomycetes isolates produced high levels of chitinase. All the tested isolates individually or in combinations were antagonistic to F. oxysporum and reduced the incidence of the disease when applied by seed inoculation under controlled greenhouse conditions. All the tested actionmycetes, yeasts and filamentous fungi demonstrated their ability to increase the growth of maize plant measurements (fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, length, of root and shoot height) as compared to the control in the absence of the pathogen.
- 出版日期2011
