科研之友
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摘要
A dam is a barrier constructed across the river to impound water for different purposes such as irrigation, flood control, hydropower, water supply, aquaculture and navigation. A state of art about different types of dam and their status in geotechnical engineering can provides valuable information for geotechnical engineers, designers and concerned parties to build a safe structure. This paper briefly introduces different types of dams from available primary and secondary sources over height 100m in the world. 446 numbers of dams from different country over height 100m have been complied in the database from available sources. Data have been classified according to the type of materials used at construction, numbers of dams respect to height and types of dams in specific country. Further, highlight on construction methods, key technical issues and challenges during construction, promising causes of different types of dam failure with some case studies of dam failed in the world are presented. The aim of this paper is to provide a valuable comprehensive reference for geotechnical engineer, dam engineer, designer and owner to better understand the behavior of constructed dams and their application in construction of large dams in coming future.
