A cytological study on Ophrys (Orchidaceae) in Italy: New evidence and the importance of polyploidy

作者：Turco A^*; D'Emerico S; Medagli P; Albano A

来源：Plant Biosystems, 2015, 149(1): 24-30.

DOI：10.1080/11263504.2013.809028

• polyploidy
• karyomorphology
• Chromosomal indices
• Ophrys
• speciation

This paper presents a cytological study of two recently described species of Ophrys from the Apulia region, which is one of the most important diversification centres of the genus. The basic chromosome number was x=18 for the two species. Ophrys peucetiae Lozito, D'Emerico, Medagli & Turco has the karyotype 2n=2x=36: 24m+12 sm, and O. pseudomelena Turco, Medagli & D'Emerico has 2n=2x=36: 30m+6 sm. As observed in the O. fusca group, in O. pseudomelena, metacentric chromosomes predominate over submetacentric ones. In contrast, Ophrys peucetiae has a more evolved character, as seen in the standard karyotype of O. fuciflora s.l. On average, Ophrys peucetiae exhibited a more asymmetrical karyotype than O. pseudomelena. Variations in morphology and size in chromosome pair 1 were observed within both species. Studies on chromosome numbers in Ophrys taxa from Apulia and Sardinia revealed triploidy in Ophrys morisii (Martelli) Soo and tetraploidy in O. apulica (O. Danesch & E. Danesch) O. Danesch & E. Danesch and O. forestieri (Rchb. f.) Lojac. (=O. lupercalis Devillers Tersch. & Devillers). The significance of the results is discussed in relation to previous information for this genus.

• 出版日期2015-1-2