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摘要
<jats:p>The genus <jats:italic>Liolaemus</jats:italic> comprises more than 260 species and can be divided in two subgenera: <jats:italic>Eulaemus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Liolaemus sensu stricto</jats:italic>. In this paper, we present a phylogenetic analysis, divergence times, and ancestral distribution ranges of the <jats:italic>Liolaemus alticolor-bibronii</jats:italic> group (<jats:italic>Liolaemus sensu stricto</jats:italic> subgenus). We inferred a total evidence phylogeny combining molecular (<jats:italic>Cytb</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>12S</jats:italic> genes) and morphological characters using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference. Divergence times were calculated using Bayesian MCMC with an uncorrelated lognormal distributed relaxed clock, calibrated with a fossil record. Ancestral ranges were estimated using the Dispersal-Extinction-Cladogenesis (DEC-Lagrange). Effects of some <jats:italic>a priori</jats:italic> parameters of DEC were also tested. Distribution ranged from central Perú to southern Argentina, including areas at sea level up to the high Andes. The <jats:italic>L. alticolor-bibronii</jats:italic> group was recovered as monophyletic, formed by two clades: <jats:italic>L. walkeri</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>L. gracilis</jats:italic>, the latter can be split in two groups. Additionally, many species candidates were recognized. We estimate that the <jats:italic>L. alticolor-bibronii</jats:italic> group diversified 14.5 Myr ago, during the Middle Miocene. Our results suggest that the ancestor of the <jats:italic>Liolaemus alticolor-bibronii</jats:italic> group was distributed in a wide area including Patagonia and Puna highlands. The speciation pattern follows the South-North Diversification Hypothesis, following the Andean uplift.</jats:p>
- 出版日期2018-2-20
