Development and Use of Polyethylene Passive Samplers To Detect Triclosans and Alkylphenols in an Urban Estuary

作者：Sacks Victoria P; Lohmann Rainer^*

来源：Environmental Science & Technology, 2011, 45(6): 2270-2277.

DOI：10.1021/es1040865

To be able to use polyethylene passive samplers (PE) in the field, the partitioning constants between PE and water (K-PEw) of the compounds examined must be known. The K(PEw)s of triclosan (TCS), methyl-triclosan (MTCS), n-nonylphenol (n-NP), nonylphenol-technical mix (NP-tech), n-octylphenol (n-OP), and t-octylphenol (t-OP) were measured as a function of pH, temperature, and salinity, and a salt effect was calculated for TCS, n-OP, and t-OP. Log K(PEw)s used for calculating dissolved concentrations were taken from 20 degrees C studies taking salt into account: 3.42 (TCS), 4.53 (MTCS), 4.20 (n-NP), 3.69 (n-OP), and 2.87 (t-OP). The K-PEw of hydroxyl-group containing compounds were strongly affected by whereas MTCS with its methoxy-group was not. Measured K(PEw)s could not be estimated from octanol water partitioning constants due to the semipolar makeup of the compounds investigated. Instead, a good correlation (K-PEw = 0.679 x K-hdw x 1.033, r(2) = 0.984, p = 0.001) was obtained with hexadecane-water partitioning constants (K-hdw) predicted from COSMOtherm. During deployments in Narragansett Bay (RI) in the fall of 2009, concentrations of MTCS and t-OP in surface and bottom waters ranged from 40-225 pg L-1 and 3.5-11 ng L-1, respectively. These concentrations are far below EC50 values for rainbow trout. Surface/bottom and bottom/porewater activity ratios were calculated. These indicated surface waters as the main source of MTCS, while surface water as well as sediments were sources of t-OP.

• 出版日期2011-3-15