Association of cognitive dietary restraint and disinhibition with prediabetes - cross-sectional and longitudinal data of a feasibility study in German employees

作者：Zyriax Birgit Christiane^*; Wolf Christina; Schlueter Annika; Khattak Asad Hameed; Westenhoefer Joachim; Windler Eberhard

来源：Public Health Nutrition, 2012, 15(5): 860-867.

DOI：10.1017/S1368980011002370

• Eating behaviour
• Cognitive dietary restraint
• Rigid control
• Flexible control
• Disinhibition
• Prediabetes

Objective: To investigate the impact of eating behaviour traits on central obesity, prediabetes and associated major dietary food patterns. %26lt;br%26gt;Design: Assessment of eating behaviour was based on the revised German version of the Three-Eating Factor Questionnaire using cross-sectional and longitudinal data of a feasibility study in employees. Data on lifestyle and nutrition were obtained by validated self-administered questionnaires. Baseline characteristics were analysed by the univariate chi(2) test or the Mann-Whitney test. To quantify correlations linear regression analysis was used. %26lt;br%26gt;Setting: The Delay of Impaired Glucose Tolerance by a Healthy Lifestyle Trial (DELIGHT), which investigated measures to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus in 2004-2008. %26lt;br%26gt;Subjects: Employees (21-64 years, 127 men, 157 women) with elevated waist circumference (men %26gt;= 94 cm, women %26gt;= 80 cm) of five medium-sized companies in northern Germany. %26lt;br%26gt;Results: At baseline (T0), BMI but particularly waist circumference showed a strong inverse correlation with flexible control (P%26lt;0.0001) and a positive correlation with disinhibition (P%26lt;0.0001) and rigid control (P%26lt;0.063). Flexible control was also significantly inversely related to fasting plasma glucose (P=0.040), energy intake (P%26lt;0.0001), intake of meat and meat products (P%26lt;0.0001), and positively associated with intake of fruit and vegetables (P%26lt;0.0001) at baseline (T0). Changes in flexible control within the first year of intervention (T1 v. T0) predicted changes in central obesity (P%26lt;0.0001) and fasting plasma glucose (P=0.025). %26lt;br%26gt;Conclusions: DELIGHT shows that flexible control characterizes individuals with a higher dietary quality, a lower waist circumference and a lower glucose level. Enhancing flexible control more than rigid control, and decreasing disinhibition, seems beneficial in terms of central adiposity and glucose levels.

• 出版日期2012-5