摘要

The application of a multiscale method, called the multiscale aggregating discontinuities (MAD) method, to the failure analysis of composites is described. Two distinct features of the MAD method are the use of perforated unit cells, and the extraction of coarse-grained failure information. In the perforated unit cell, all subdomains of the unit cell that are not strictly elliptic are excluded, which enables the decomposition of its stable and unstable material. By means of these concepts, it is possible to compute an equivalent discontinuity at the macroscale, including both the direction and the magnitude of the discontinuity. This equivalent discontinuity is then passed to the macroscale along with the computed stress from the unit cell. The macroscale discontinuity is injected into the macro model by the extended finite element method (XFEM) procedure. In this paper, the method is improved by adding hourglass modes to the unit cell deformations, which better model growing cracks. Several examples comparing the MAD method with direct numerical simulations are presented.