Phytotoxic activity of Capparis spinosa L. and its discovered active compounds

作者：Ladhari A^*; Omezzine F; Dellagreca M; Zarrelli A; Haouala R

来源：Allelopathy Journal, 2013, 32(2): 175-190.

• Allelopathic activity
• bioassay-guided isolation
• Capparis spinosa
• Lactuca sativa
• Peganum harmala
• phytotoxic compounds
• Raphanus sativus
• Silybum marianum

We evaluated the phytotoxic activity of extracts from Capparis spinosa organs (leaves, stems and roots) on germination and seedlings growth of Lactuca sativa, Raphanus sativus, Silybum marianum and Peganum harmala. We also isolated and identified the bioactive compounds in donor plant. Leaf extracts were most phytotoxic to lettuce germination and growth, complete inhibition (100%) occurred with aqueous extract at 20 g L-1 and 65.9% inhibition with methanolic extract at 6 g L-1. The methanolic residue was sequentially extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol-water. The ethyl acetate extract caused 75.5% inhibition in lettuce germination and growth at 6 g L-1, while other two extracts caused inhibition of 60.1%. Twelve subfractions were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract, among which two (A(9) and A(10)) were most toxic (31.7 and 64.4% inhibition). The bioactive ethyl acetate subfractions were chromatographed and subjected to NMR techniques. Based on bio-guided chromatographic fractionation, three bioactive allelochemicals were identified as: quercetin-3-O-beta -D-glucopyranoside, which was the most toxic followed by quercetin and kaempferol 3-O-beta -D-glucopyranoside. Understanding the action of single allelochemicals or their mixtures on physiological processes is critical for fully explaining the phytotoxic effects.

• 出版日期2013-10