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摘要
Background: Multiple hormones are involved in the regulation of food intake and glucose metabolism. Past intervention studies showed a benefit of eating breakfast on satiety, but this was possibly confounded by the disruption of habitual meal patterns.
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare hormonal responses, including insulin, leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1, ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY3-36), and cholecystokinin (CCK), between habitual breakfast eaters (Br-Es) and habitual skippers (Br-Ss) to a standard midday meal.
Methods: Thirty-two women [mean +/- SD age: 22.6 +/- 3.3 y; body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 21.8 +/- 2.0] participated in a cross-sectional study that consisted of a 3-h test protocol that included a standard test meal served at 1230 with preand postmeal blood sampling. The protocol required that Br-Es eat a typical breakfast between 0700 and 1000, whereas Br-Ss had no breakfast meal and had fasted for 12 h. Blood was drawn 35 and 5 min prelunch and 5, 20, 35, 50, and 110 min postlunch.
Results: Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a group difference for PYY3-36 (P= 0.001), with the Br-E group exhibiting 50-90% higher concentrations throughout the test period. Leptin tended to be different (P = 0.08) between groups, with higher mean +/- SD values for the Br-S group (27.6 +/- 29.6 ng/mL) compared with the Br-E group (11.5 +/- 9.8 ng/mL). Partial least squares regression analysis confirmed that these 2 hormones were important contributors to the patterns of the hormones, anthropometric, clinical, and behavioral variables that differed between groups; insulin and CCK were important as well.
Conclusion: We found differences between the Br-E and Br-S groups in circulating gut and adipose-derived hormones measured midday, indicating that the breakfast habit is associated with the hormonal milieu before and after a midday meal. The different patterns may be short-lived or may impact metabolism later in the day.
- 出版日期2018-5
