Nanostructured Composites for Bone Repair

作者：Nelson Clarke; Magge Anil; St Bernard Tiffany; Khan Yusuf; Laurencin Cato T^*

来源：Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, 2013, 3(4): 426-439.

DOI：10.1166/jbt.2013.1098

• Nanostructure
• Bone
• Composites
• Tissue Engineering

Orthopaedics stands to benefit greatly from advances in the field of nanotechnology. By evaluating novel properties of materials, devices, and systems at the nanometer scale, investigators may be able to better mimic the extracellular milieu of the human body and use this new knowledge to further the effort of bone tissue regeneration. Nanostructured scaffolds have been designed to integrate nanotopographical features including pores, ridges, grooves, fibers, and nodes either alone or in combination to direct cellular activity. These features may prove integral in developing complex tissues that require multiple cell populations in close proximity with intricate and precise cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. To achieve the goal of bone regeneration, biodegradable polymers, polymer blends, and composite materials have been implemented and designed accordingly. Investigators have used these materials in a variety of structures including fibers, gels, spheres, and particles for different applications. These nanoscale structures have also been used for the delivery of pharmaceuticals, proteins, and DNA. This review summarizes the current strategies to utilize composite materials for cell delivery, drug delivery, and tissue engineering for enhanced bone repair and regeneration.

• 出版日期2013-8